Tag Archives: PHP

SQL CHECK

SQL CHECK  is used to limit the value range that can be placed in a column.

If you define a CHECK constraint on a single column it allows only certain values for this column.

If you define a CHECK constraint on a table it can limit the values in certain columns based on values in other columns in the row.

Example

CREATE TABLE users(uid int NOT NULL,name varchar(255) NOT NULL,CHECK (uid>0))

SQL FOREIGN KEY

SQL FOREIGN KEYin one table points to the primary key of another table .

Table – users

+—-+——+
| uid | name |
+—-+——+
|  1 | AAAA |
|  2 | BBBB |
|  3 | CCCC |
|  4 | DDDD |
|  5 | EEEE |
+—-+——+

Table  – orders

+—–+—–+——–+
| oid | uid | items  |
+—–+—–+——–+
|   1 |   1 | Pen    |
|   2 |   2 | Watch  |
|   3 |   3 | shoe   |
|   4 |   4 | mobile |
+—–+—–+——–+

Here the field uid in the table orders points to the column uid in users .

That is  uid in the orders is the foreign key and that in users is primary key

FOREIGN KEY constraint prevent any action that may destroy the relation between the tables.

It also prevent invalid data and make sure that the data to be inserted should be one of the primary key value in another

Example

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `orders` (
`oid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`uid` int(11) NOT NULL,
`items` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`oid`),
FOREIGN KEY (uid) REFERENCES users(uid)
)

SQL PRIMARY KEY

SQL PRIMARY KEY uniquely identifies each record in a database table.

Primary keys must contain unique values and  primary key column cannot contain NULL

values. A table can not have more than one primary key .

Example

mysql> CREATE TABLE  `new_users` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)